16. How is electricity created? (pages 6 - 9)
Electricity is created through various methods, primarily by converting different forms of energy into electrical energy. This can occur through processes such as electromagnetic induction, where a conductor moves through a magnetic field, generating an electric current. Other methods include chemical reactions in batteries, solar energy conversion in photovoltaic cells, and the use of turbines powered by wind, water, or steam to drive generators. Each of these processes relies on the movement of electrons to create a flow of electricity.
17. What is static electricity? Provide an example (pages 10 - 11)
Static electricity is the build-up of electric charge on the surface of objects, typically caused by friction. An example of static electricity is when you rub a balloon on your hair; the friction causes electrons to transfer from your hair to the balloon, giving the balloon a negative charge and your hair a positive charge. This difference in charge can lead to the attraction of the balloon to your hair or other objects.
18. How do conductors and insulators work together to power your house? (pages 14 - 15)
Conductors and insulators play crucial roles in the electrical systems of homes. Conductors, such as copper wires, are materials that allow electricity to flow easily. They are used to create circuits that carry electricity from the power source to devices in the home. Insulators, like rubber or plastic, are materials that do not conduct electricity well. They are used to coat wires and create barriers that prevent accidental shock or short circuits, ensuring that electricity flows safely and efficiently through the home’s wiring system. Together, they create a secure environment for the use of electricity.