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#13

How did John Calhoun react to the Tariff of 1828?

(1 point)
Responses

He used his power as vice president to influence President Jackson to oppose the tariff.
He used his power as vice president to influence President Jackson to oppose the tariff.

He led a charge to impose stricter regulations on the Second Bank of the United States.
He led a charge to impose stricter regulations on the Second Bank of the United States.

He devised a Force Bill allowing the president the right to use the army to enforce the tariff.
He devised a Force Bill allowing the president the right to use the army to enforce the tariff.

He claimed that states had the right to cancel any federal law deemed unconstitutional.
He claimed that states had the right to cancel any federal law deemed unconstitutional.
Question 14
#15

The completion of the Erie Canal spurred the first great westward movement of American settlers, gave access to the rich land and resources west of the Appalachians and made New York the preeminent commercial city in the United States.

The effect of the Canal was both immediate and dramatic, and settlers poured west. The explosion of trade prophesied by Governor Clinton began, spurred by freight rates from Buffalo to New York of $10 per ton by Canal, compared with $100 per ton by road. In 1829, there were 3,640 bushels of wheat transported down the Canal from Buffalo. By 1837 this figure had increased to 500,000 bushels; four years later it reached one million. In nine years, Canal tolls more than recouped the entire cost of construction.

Within 15 years of the Canal's opening, New York was the busiest port in America, moving tonnages greater than Boston, Baltimore and New Orleans combined.
—New York Canals

Use the passage to answer the question.

How did the economic success of the Erie Canal impact westward expansion?

(1 point)
Responses

There was an increased demand for laborers to help build similar canals to the West.
There was an increased demand for laborers to help build similar canals to the West.

There was less competition in the West because it was sparsely populated compared to the East.
There was less competition in the West because it was sparsely populated compared to the East.

The canal system eliminated many of the jobs in the East, forcing people to the West.
The canal system eliminated many of the jobs in the East, forcing people to the West.

There were more economic opportunities in the West due to the success of the canal system.
There were more economic opportunities in the West due to the success of the canal system.
Question 15
#16

Use the above map to answer the following question.

How did the United States acquire the territory marked with the X?

(1 point)
Responses

By purchasing the land from Spain
By purchasing the land from Spain

By winning a war against Great Britain
By winning a war against Great Britain

By purchasing the land from France
By purchasing the land from France

By winning a war against Mexico
By winning a war against Mexico
Question 16
#17

Use the chart to answer the question.

Using the information on the chart, what can you infer about the Gold Rush’s impact on the city of San Francisco?

(1 point)
Responses

San Francisco’s population grew by a greater percentage after 1860 than during the Gold Rush.
San Francisco’s population grew by a greater percentage after 1860 than during the Gold Rush.

The Gold Rush was a short-lived trend that had little lasting impact on San Francisco.
The Gold Rush was a short-lived trend that had little lasting impact on San Francisco.

Once the forty-niners tried their luck in San Francisco they left the city and moved back home.
Once the forty-niners tried their luck in San Francisco they left the city and moved back home.

The mass migration of forty-niners transformed San Francisco into an economic hub practically overnight.
The mass migration of forty-niners transformed San Francisco into an economic hub practically overnight.
Question 17
#18

The innovation shown in this photograph most affect the U.S. economy by --

(1 point)
Responses

decreasing the need for canals
decreasing the need for canals

allowing more efficient movement of goods
allowing more efficient movement of goods

reducing the cost of settling in western territories
reducing the cost of settling in western territories

transporting workers from southn states to northern states
transporting workers from southn states to northern states
Question 18
#19

Use the image to answer the question.

What was the biggest threat of traveling west in the manner shown in the illustration?

(1 point)
Responses

Disease spread quickly because the travelers lived so close together.
Disease spread quickly because the travelers lived so close together.

Individual wagons would oftentimes be separated from the group.
Individual wagons would oftentimes be separated from the group.

Settlers were unable to purchase or trade for goods along the way.
Settlers were unable to purchase or trade for goods along the way.

Groups faced the possibility of ambush by hostile natives.
Groups faced the possibility of ambush by hostile natives.
Question 19
#20

Use the map to answer the question.

How does this map show the challenges faced by Native American groups on the Trail of Tears?

(1 point)
Responses

It details the areas along the trail where disease was most common.
It details the areas along the trail where disease was most common.

It shows where federal troops made a series of deadly attacks on Native American camps.
It shows where federal troops made a series of deadly attacks on Native American camps.

It shows the long distances they were forced to walk to reach their designated lands.
It shows the long distances they were forced to walk to reach their designated lands.

It details the time it took for these groups to walk from their homelands to their new territories.
It details the time it took for these groups to walk from their homelands to their new territories.
Question 20
#21

Use the map to answer the question.

The main reasons Congress initially refused to annex Texas are supported by the information on this map. Select the two reasons that apply.

(4 points)
Responses

If the United States annexed Texas, it would almost certainly mean war with Mexico.
If the United States annexed Texas, it would almost certainly mean war with Mexico.

If the United States annexed Texas, it would enter as a free state and anger Southerners.
If the United States annexed Texas, it would enter as a free state and anger Southerners.

If the United States annexed Texas, slave states would almost certainly outnumber free states.
If the United States annexed Texas, slave states would almost certainly outnumber free states.

If the United States annexed Texas, it would jeopardize the country’s other claims in California.
If the United States annexed Texas, it would jeopardize the country’s other claims in California.
Question 21
#22

It began as an unconnected series of trails used by Native Americans. Fur Traders expanded the route to transport pelts to trading posts and rendezvous. In the 1830s missionaries followed the still faint trail along the Platte River and the Snake to establish church connections in the Northwest. A combination of economic and political events in the 1840s converged to start a large scale migration west on what was then known as "The Oregon Road." Joel Walker is credited as the first settler to make the complete trip with a family, in 1840. Large scale migration started in 1843, when a wagon train of over 800 people with 120 wagons and 5,000 cattle made the five month journey. In 1847 Mormons escaping persecution headed toward Salt Lake, and the discovery of gold in California in 1848 sent a wave of fortune seekers west. Military posts, trading posts, shortcuts, and spur roads sprang off the Oregon Trail over the next three decades.
—Department of the Interior

Use the passage to answer the question.

Which of the following best summarizes this passage?

(1 point)
Responses

The Oregon Trail was first used by Mormons fleeing religious persecution.
The Oregon Trail was first used by Mormons fleeing religious persecution.

The Oregon Trail grew from small beginnings to a major migration route.
The Oregon Trail grew from small beginnings to a major migration route.

The Oregon Trail was made more accessible by missionaries who helped define the route.
The Oregon Trail was made more accessible by missionaries who helped define the route.

The Oregon Trail was developed by the military to monitor interactions between Native American groups and settlers.
The Oregon Trail was developed by the military to monitor interactions between Native American groups and settlers.
Question 22
#23 - ESSAY QUESTION

Discuss three transportation innovations of the early 1800s. Explain how each affected the migration patterns in the United States. Include how the innovation changed how people were able to move and changed where people could go.

For each transportation innovation students should:

Identify the innovation
explain how the innovation changed how people were able to move
explain how the innovations changed where people were able to go
(Be sure to be accurate and select innovations of the time period. For example, you will not be discussing automobiles or airplanes).

(3 points)

1 answer

Question Responses

Question 13: How did John Calhoun react to the Tariff of 1828?

Response: He claimed that states had the right to cancel any federal law deemed unconstitutional.

Question 15: How did the economic success of the Erie Canal impact westward expansion?

Response: There were more economic opportunities in the West due to the success of the canal system.

Question 16: How did the United States acquire the territory marked with the X?

Response: By purchasing the land from France.

Question 17: What can you infer about the Gold Rush’s impact on the city of San Francisco?

Response: The mass migration of forty-niners transformed San Francisco into an economic hub practically overnight.

Question 18: The innovation shown in this photograph most affects the U.S. economy by:

Response: allowing more efficient movement of goods.

Question 19: What was the biggest threat of traveling west in the manner shown in the illustration?

Response: Disease spread quickly because the travelers lived so close together.

Question 20: How does this map show the challenges faced by Native American groups on the Trail of Tears?

Response: It shows the long distances they were forced to walk to reach their designated lands.

Question 21: Select the two reasons Congress initially refused to annex Texas.

Responses:

  1. If the United States annexed Texas, it would almost certainly mean war with Mexico.
  2. If the United States annexed Texas, it would enter as a free state and anger Southerners.

Question 22: Which of the following best summarizes this passage?

Response: The Oregon Trail grew from small beginnings to a major migration route.

Essay Question: Discuss Three Transportation Innovations of the Early 1800s

  1. Innovation: Steamboats

    • Explanation of Movement: Steamboats allowed for faster and more reliable transportation of goods and people along rivers. Unlike traditional boats that relied on wind or manpower, steamboats could navigate upstream, significantly reducing travel time.
    • Change in Destination: The development of steamboat travel opened up major rivers, such as the Mississippi and Ohio, facilitating trade and migration to the interior of the country, particularly to the Midwest.

  2. Innovation: Railroads

    • Explanation of Movement: The introduction of railroads provided a new means of terrestrial transportation that was faster and could carry larger quantities of goods and passengers over longer distances compared to horse-drawn carriages or wagons.
    • Change in Destination: Railroads connected eastern urban centers with newly developing western territories, promoting migration and settlement in places like California and the Great Plains, driving economic expansion and development.

  3. Innovation: Canals

    • Explanation of Movement: Canals, such as the Erie Canal, facilitated the movement of goods at a much lower cost than overland transport. They provided a navigable waterway connecting eastern cities with western farmland.
    • Change in Destination: The construction of canals encouraged population migration to the western territories by making it easier and cheaper to transport agricultural products to market, which increased settlement in regions like the Midwest.

These innovations not only improved transportation methods but also transformed the geographical landscape of the United States by enabling settlement and economic development in the West.