Question

if you obtain 10 moles of water sugar sodium chloride copper and Styrofoam will each sample have the same number of particles?

Answer 1

Partly yes and partly no. All of the materials will give you the same number of particles except NaCl will be twice the others.
# molecules will be 10 x 6.0E23.
For NaCl # ions will be 2 x 10 x 6.02E23. For NaCl I'm assuming it will be in whatever form that allows us to count the individual ions.