Here are the answers to your questions:
Question 11: What is GIS?
Response: a computer hardware and software system that analyzes, displays, and stores geographic data
Question 12: What is the human development index (HDI)?
Response: a measure of economic development determined by considering multiple factors, including income, life expectancy, and education, to rate countries on a scale between 0 and 1
Question 13: What conclusion can you draw about the level of economic development in countries with different specializations in a commodity chain?
Response: Quaternary sector specializations would earn the highest wages.
Question 14: Which push factor drives urbanization?
Response: loss of agricultural jobs due to mechanization
Question 15: How has globalization increased opportunities for human trafficking?
Response: Increasingly interconnected transportation infrastructure allows cheap and quick movement of people between countries
Question 16: Which of the following is a problem associated with free trade?
Response: loss of local jobs to international competition
If you need any further explanation or assistance, feel free to ask!