Here are the answers to the questions:
Question 1:
Which statement describes the sign of gravitational force?
- Response: Gravitational force is negative because it is attractive.
Question 2:
Which quantity describes the gravitational force between two objects?
- Response: The product of the masses of the two objects divided by the square of the distance between them.
Question 3:
A satellite is orbiting Earth at a speed of approximately 4,000 m/s. Which of these distances is most likely the orbital radius of the satellite’s motion?
- Response: 99.0 million meters.
Question 4:
Which of these factors does the orbital velocity of a satellite depend on? I. the mass of the satellite II. the mass of the planet III. the separation distance
- Response: I and II only.
Question 5:
Which diagram represents the planet with the most eccentric orbit?
- Response: (Specific diagram not provided; choose the one with the most elongated ellipse if available.)
Question 6:
If a planet has an eccentricity of 0.92 and a distance of the major axis is 5,000,000 km, then what is the distance between foci?
- Response: 4,600,000 km. (Eccentricity \( e = c/a \); calculate distance between foci: \( d = 2c \), where \( c = ae \).)
Question 7:
When a planet is at its slowest orbital speed, its radius vector sweeps an area, A, in 45 days. What area will the radius vector for this planet sweep during a 40-day time period while at its fastest orbital speed?
- Response: Less than A.
Question 8:
As Venus orbits the Sun, its semi-major axis length is 0.72 AU. How long does it take Venus to orbit the Sun in years?
- Response: 0.61 years (using Kepler's Third Law).
Question 9:
Jupiter orbits the Sun twice in 23.72 years. What is the length of its semi-major axis as it orbits the Sun, in AU?
- Response: 5.2 AU (using Kepler's Third Law).
Question 10:
What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the distance between them triples?
- Response: The force decreases by a factor of 9.
Question 11:
What must be the units for the gravitational constant G in order for gravitational force to have units of newtons?
- Response: N.m²/kg².
Question 12:
The shape of the orbits of the planets in our solar system would be described as __________.
- Response: Elliptical.
Question 13:
What is true about the foci of a planet in elliptical orbit?
- Response: The sun is located at one focus.
Question 14:
Two satellites of equal mass are in circular orbit around a planet. Satellite B is twice as far away. Which feels a stronger gravitational force?
- Response: Satellite A.
Question 15:
Which of the following is NOT a vector quantity? (don't miss the word NOT in the question)
- Response: Speed.
Question 16:
Would you like a free bonus question just for being awesome?
- Response: Yes, I like free stuff.
Make sure to verify the choices and adjust based on the specific context or additional information you might have!