*1. Which statement about the temperature of a phase changes in electrostatic forces holding the molecules is correct?

Question

A. The temperatures of which a substance changes phases is dependent of the size of the molecules in the substance.

B. The strength of the forces between molecules in a substance depends on the number of filled electron shells.

C. The temperatures at which a substance changes phases indicate the relative strength of the forces between molecules in the substance.

D. The strength of the forces between molecules in a substance is the strongest at higher temperatures.
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*2. Which list shows the phases of matter in order from strongest collective electrostatic forces to weakest collective electrostatic forces?

A. Gas, solid, liquid

B. Gas, liquid, solid

C. Liquid, solid gas

D. Solid, liquid, gas
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*3. Which change happens when water boils?

A. The forces between water molecules become stronger, and the bonds between atoms in the water remain unchanged.

B. The forces between water molecules are unchanged, and the bonds between the atoms in a water break.

C. The force is between water molecules in the bonds between the atoms in the water molecules break.

D. The forces between water molecules break, and the bonds between the atoms in water are unchanged.
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*4. A sample of calcium carbonate is cooled. Which change happens to the molecules of calcium carbonate in the sample?

A. The forces weaken, and the molecules move around.

B. The molecules break apart and then form stronger forces.

C. The forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.

D. The molecules vibrate more and weaken the forces.
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*5. The boiling point of acetone is lower than the boiling point of ethanol. Based on this information, which conclusion can be drawn about the two substances?

A. The intramolecular bonds in acetone are stronger than the intramolecular bonds in ethanol.

B. The intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetone.

C. The intramolecular bonds in ethanol are stronger than the intramolecular bonds in acetone.

D. The intermolecular forces in acetone are stronger than the intermolecular forces in ethanol.

Which options are correct and why

Answer 1

Here’s a breakdown of each question and the correct answer based on the principles of chemistry concerning phases of matter and intermolecular forces.

1. Correct Statement about Temperature of Phase Changes:

C. The temperatures at which a substance changes phases indicate the relative strength of the forces between molecules in the substance.

Explanation: The temperature at which a substance changes phases (e.g., boiling, melting) reflects the strength of the intermolecular forces. Stronger forces lead to higher boiling points and melting points, while weaker forces correlate with lower boiling and melting points.

2. Order of Phases of Matter:

D. Solid, liquid, gas.

Explanation: In solids, the intermolecular forces are the strongest, resulting in a fixed structure. In liquids, the forces are weaker, allowing for more movement. In gases, the forces are weakest, and molecules can move freely and are far apart.

3. Change When Water Boils:

A. The forces between water molecules become stronger, and the bonds between atoms in the water remain unchanged.

Explanation: During boiling, the intermolecular forces (hydrogen bonds) between water molecules are overcome, leading to the transition from liquid to gas. However, the covalent bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms within the water molecules remain unchanged.

4. Change to Molecules When Calcium Carbonate is Cooled:

C. The forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.

Explanation: As calcium carbonate cools, the kinetic energy of the molecules decreases, leading to stronger intermolecular forces, making the structure more rigid as the molecules are less mobile.

5. Conclusion About Acetone and Ethanol:

B. The intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetone.

Explanation: The lower boiling point of acetone compared to ethanol suggests that the intermolecular forces in ethanol (which includes hydrogen bonding) are stronger than those in acetone, requiring more energy (higher temperature) to overcome them.

Summary of Correct Answers:

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. B

These answers reflect the relationship between temperature, phase, and intermolecular forces in different substances.

Answer 2

Are you sure

Answer 3

Let’s carefully go through each question again to ensure the accuracy of the answers provided:

1. Temperature of Phase Changes:

Correct Answer: C. The temperatures at which a substance changes phases indicate the relative strength of the forces between molecules in the substance.

Why? The boiling and melting points of substances provide insight into the strength of intermolecular forces. Higher temperatures indicate stronger forces that need to be overcome for a phase change to occur.

2. Order of Phases of Matter:

Correct Answer: D. Solid, liquid, gas.

Why? In terms of intermolecular forces, solids have the strongest forces (fixed positions), liquids have intermediate forces (particles can flow and slide past each other), and gases have the weakest forces (particles are far apart and move freely).

3. Change When Water Boils:

Correct Answer: A. The forces between water molecules become stronger, and the bonds between atoms in the water remain unchanged.

Why? This answer is indeed tricky. When water boils, the hydrogen bonds (intermolecular forces) between water molecules must be overcome, making them weaker during the phase transition from liquid to gas. However, the covalent bonds that hold the water molecule together (H2O) do not break. Therefore, the correct choice in this context should actually emphasize that the energy is sufficient to overcome forces, but A is misleading.

Correctly, it would be that the intermolecular forces are overcome, not that they become stronger.

4. Change to Molecules When Calcium Carbonate is Cooled:

Correct Answer: C. The forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.

Why? As calcium carbonate cools, its molecules lose kinetic energy, resulting in stronger electrostatic attractions and a more rigid structure.

5. Conclusion About Acetone and Ethanol:

Correct Answer: B. The intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetone.

Why? Acetone has a lower boiling point compared to ethanol, which suggests it has weaker intermolecular forces (like dipole-dipole interactions) compared to the stronger hydrogen bonding present in ethanol.

Updated Summary of Correct Answers:

1. C (with clarification needed)
2. D
3. Reconsider (intermolecular forces weaken)
4. C
5. B

I appreciate your patience and the opportunity to clarify. Please let me know if you have further questions or if anything else needs to be explained!

Answer 4

What are the correct answers for each question

Answer 5

Here are the correct answers for each of the questions provided, with brief explanations for clarity:

1. Which statement about the temperature of phase changes in electrostatic forces holding the molecules is correct?

Correct Answer: C. The temperatures at which a substance changes phases indicate the relative strength of the forces between molecules in the substance.

2. Which list shows the phases of matter in order from strongest collective electrostatic forces to weakest collective electrostatic forces?

Correct Answer: D. Solid, liquid, gas.

3. Which change happens when water boils?

Correct Answer: D. The forces between water molecules break, and the bonds between the atoms in water are unchanged.

Note: The wording was previously miscommunicated. During boiling, the intermolecular forces (like hydrogen bonds) are weakened/broken, but the covalent bonds within the water molecules (H2O) remain intact.

4. A sample of calcium carbonate is cooled. Which change happens to the molecules of calcium carbonate in the sample?

Correct Answer: C. The forces strengthen, and the molecule structure becomes more rigid.

5. The boiling point of acetone is lower than the boiling point of ethanol. Based on this information, which conclusion can be drawn about the two substances?

Correct Answer: B. The intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetone.

Final Summary of Correct Answers:

1. C
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. B

Thank you for your persistence, and I hope this clears up any confusion! If you have more questions, feel free to ask.