1. Which of the following statements is true about artificial selection?
A. Breeders can control which animals mate.
B. Breeders can control what mutations will appear in the offspring.
C. Both A and B are true.
D. Neither A nor B is true.
2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of natural selection?
A. More offspring are born than will survive to reproduce.
B. Mutations appear randomly.
C. Breeding pairs are chosen by humans.
D. Organisms that are better adapted are more likely to survive.
3. A scientist used radiation to change the mutation rates of a population of bugs. He then measured how many generations it took for bugs with different mutation rates to adapt to a new background by natural selection. On the graph below, the x-axis represents the mutation rate, and the y-axis represents the number of generations it took for the bugs to reach an average fitness of 90%. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
A. Adaptation occurred most quickly when the mutation rate was lowest.
B. Adaptation occurred more quickly as the mutation rate increased. However, this effect was relatively small for mutation rates above 1%.
C. Adaptation occurred twice as quickly when the mutation rate was 10% as when the mutation rate was 5%.
D. There is no relationship between the mutation rate and how quickly adaptation occurred.
4. Which elements of nature selection is described? Organisms with traits that enhance survival are more likely to reproduce and pass on beneficial traits to their offspring.
A. Selection
B. Adaptation
C. Variation
D. Inheritance
5. The four different finches that Charles Darwin studied in the Galapagos Islands. He observed that the beaks on these birds were very different. Which of the following best explains this difference in the bird beaks?
A. Birds change the shape of their beaks depending on the food available.
B. The beak shapes are an adaptation to the types of food found on each island.
C. Some birds need larger beaks as defense against predators
D. Younger birds have smaller beaks, and older birds have larger beaks.
6. Which of the following statements correctly describe selective breeding? Select all that apply.
A. Traits are inherited from parents
B. Desired traits are selected by humans
C. Process that occurs naturally
D. Organisms change their traits based on the environment
E. Results in a change in genetic traits of a species
7. Some farmers want to increase the size of the ears of corn produced by their corn plants. How can the famers use selective breeding to increase the size of the ears of corn?
A. By choosing plants that grow large ears of corn after using large amounts of fertilizer
B. By removing corn plants that grow small ears of corn
C. By choosing corn plants with large ears of corn
D. By increasing the number of corn plants that are planted in the field
My answers:
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. A, B
7. A
(Also, for no. 3, I couldn't provide a picture of the graph so no worries if you can't help with that one!)
3 answers
Bug and genotype
Four parent bugs and genotypes
A. A and B
B. A and D
C. C and B
D. C and D