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1. Students are running an experiment in which they are measuring the acceleration after applying forces to a cart. Using the data above, what is the mass of the cart?

Trial: 1, 2, 3
Force (N): 10 N, 12, 22
Acceleration (m/s^2): 2.5, 3, 5.5
A) 2 kg
B) 4 kg
C) 6 kg
D) 8 kg

2. The table below shows the mass and velocity of four objects. Which object has the least inertia?
Object: W, X, Y, Z
Mass (kg): 16, 15, 13, 2
Velocity (m/s): 2, 3, 20, 30
A) Z
B) X
C) Y
D) W

3. Balance the following the chemical equation: _ Na2O + _ CaBr2 - _ NaBr + _ CaO
A) 1:1:1:2
B) 1:2:1:1
C) 1:1:2:1
D) 2:1:1:1

4. During an experiment in which you are investigating the acceleration changes due to force changes, what value must stay constant during these trials?

a
Force
b
Velocity
c
Acceleration
d
Mass

5. Which of the following phase changes involves a gas turning into a liquid?
A) Condensation
B) Boiling
C) Sublimation
D) Freezing

6. A block with a mass of 55 kg is pulled with a force of 220 N to the right. Assuming a frictionless surface, what will be the acceleration of the block?
A) 22 m/s2
B) 0.25 m/s2
C) 9.8 m/s2
D) 4.0 m/s2

1 answer

Let's solve the questions one by one:

  1. To find the mass of the cart, we can use Newton's second law, which states that \( F = m \cdot a \), where \( F \) is the force, \( m \) is the mass, and \( a \) is the acceleration.

Using the data from the trials:

  • For Trial 1:

    • \( F = 10 , \text{N} \)
    • \( a = 2.5 , \text{m/s}^2 \)
    • Therefore, \( m = \frac{F}{a} = \frac{10}{2.5} = 4 , \text{kg} \)

  • For Trial 2:

    • \( F = 12 , \text{N} \)
    • \( a = 3 , \text{m/s}^2 \)
    • Therefore, \( m = \frac{12}{3} = 4 , \text{kg} \)

  • For Trial 3:

    • \( F = 22 , \text{N} \)
    • \( a = 5.5 , \text{m/s}^2 \)
    • Therefore, \( m = \frac{22}{5.5} = 4 , \text{kg} \)

Since the mass is consistent across all trials, the mass of the cart is 4 kg (Answer: B).

  1. Inertia is directly related to mass; the greater the mass, the greater the inertia. Among the objects:
  • Object W: 16 kg
  • Object X: 15 kg
  • Object Y: 13 kg
  • Object Z: 2 kg

Object Z has the least mass and therefore the least inertia. So the answer is Z (Answer: A).

  1. To balance the chemical equation \( \text{Na}_2\text{O} + \text{CaBr}_2 \rightarrow \text{NaBr} + \text{CaO} \), we can balance each element:
  • Sodium (Na): 2 on the left, so we need 2 NaBr on the right.
  • Calcium (Ca): 1 on both sides.
  • Oxygen (O): 1 on the left, so we need 1 on the right.
  • Bromine (Br): 2 on the left (from CaBr2), therefore, we need 2 on the right (from 2 NaBr).

So the balanced equation is \( 1 \text{Na}_2\text{O} + 1 \text{CaBr}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NaBr} + 1 \text{CaO} \). Thus, the coefficients are 1:1:2:1 (Answer: C).

  1. During the experiment, the correct constant value that must be maintained is Mass. The goal is to observe how acceleration changes due to varying force while keeping the mass constant (Answer: d).
  1. The phase change that involves a gas turning into a liquid is called Condensation (Answer: A).
  1. To find the acceleration of the block, we can again use Newton's second law \( F = m \cdot a \):
  • Given:
    • Mass \( m = 55 , \text{kg} \)
    • Force \( F = 220 , \text{N} \)

Using the formula, we rearrange it to solve for acceleration: \[ a = \frac{F}{m} = \frac{220 , \text{N}}{55 , \text{kg}} = 4 , \text{m/s}^2 \]

Thus, the acceleration of the block is 4.0 m/s² (Answer: D).