1 of 11 of 1 Items Question 1 When a DNA sequence is being replicated, a cytosine base is replaced by a thymine base. This results in one wrong amino acid being attached to a protein during translation. What type of mutation is described?(2 points) Responses substitution substitution inversion inversion deletion deletion Question 2 Which statement describes the first step of protein synthesis?(2 points) Responses tRNA attaches amino acids to the mRNA strand tRNA attaches amino acids to the mRNA strand DNA unwinds between the base pairs DNA unwinds between the base pairs a ribosome attaches to the mRNA a ribosome attaches to the mRNA Question 3 The human body uses 22 amino acids to form all types of proteins(1 point) Responses True True False False Question 4 Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that is caused when three bases are accidentally removed form the CFTR gene. Which of the following is true about cystic fibrosis?(2 points) Responses Cystic fibrosis is a silent disorder, it has no symptoms Cystic fibrosis is a silent disorder, it has no symptoms It is not known why cystic fibrosis happens in people It is not known why cystic fibrosis happens in people Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation Question 5 What benefit does using the CRISPR technique have in creating GMOs?(2 points) Responses Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly It eliminates all risk of mutation It eliminates all risk of mutation diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding Question 6 In a certain rabbit population, gene B codes for black fur and gene b for brown fur. This gene follows the Mendelian inheritance pattern, the trait is only determined by one gene. What is the phenotype of a rabbit that has the genotype Bb?(2 points) Responses fur with yellow hairs fur with yellow hairs fur with black hairs fur with black hairs fur with brown hairs fur with brown hairs Question 7 A tall heterozygous pea plant (Tt) is crossed with another tall heterozygous pea plant (Tt). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability that the offspring is a short, homozygous pea plant (tt). (2 points) Responses 0% 0% 25% 25% 75% 75% Question 8 Is a substitution mutation harmful to an organism?(2 points) Responses No, substitution mutations are never harmful because they are silent No, substitution mutations are never harmful because they are silent Yes, all mutations are harmful to organisms Yes, all mutations are harmful to organisms It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed Question 9 Epistasis is observed when the allele of one gene masks the effects of another gene. Use the Punnett square to answer the question. What color would a dog's fur be if its genes are aabb? (2 points) Responses yellow yellow white white black black Question 10 Punnett squares are used to predict all possible allele combinations and their frequencies in parents. (1 point) Responses True True False False Question 11 How are new viruses made?(2 points) Responses viral DNA or RNA copied in a virus viral DNA or RNA copied in a virus viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell asexual reproduction asexual reproduction Question 12 Which best describes a provirus?(2 points) Responses bacterial DNA incorporated into viral DNA bacterial DNA incorporated into viral DNA newly replicated viral DNA after injection newly replicated viral DNA after injection viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA Question 13 Why is it difficult to produce a vaccine for the common cold in humans?(2 points) Responses it is a viral genome that mutates very quickly it is a viral genome that mutates very quickly it attacks white blood cells that fight off foreign bodies it attacks white blood cells that fight off foreign bodies it is caused by retroviruses that insert viral RNA into the host cell's DNA it is caused by retroviruses that insert viral RNA into the host cell's DNA Question 14 How is the HIV virus different from most viruses such as the common cold or influenza?(2 points) Responses It attacks and destroys red blood cells in the bodies of its host organisms It attacks and destroys red blood cells in the bodies of its host organisms It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA It has viral DNA that is transmitted through indirect contact with infected persons It has viral DNA that is transmitted through indirect contact with infected persons Question 15 Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder that primarily affects males. Why are more males affected than females?(2 points) Responses hemophilia is a dominant disorder that affects the Y chromosome hemophilia is a dominant disorder that affects the Y chromosome Males receive an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father Males receive an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes. A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes. Question 16 The lactose (lac) operon in E. coli is a gene that helps break down lactose in the cell. If there is no lactose present, the operon is repressed. The best explanation for how the lac operon is used and repressed in cells is which of the following?(1 point) Responses If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If lactose is present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If lactose is present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If no lactose present, allolactose prevents repressor from attaching to operator of the lac operon If no lactose present, allolactose prevents repressor from attaching to operator of the lac operon Question 17 Homozygous tall (TT) pea plants look the same as heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plants. Which pollination experiment could be used to identify whether a tall pea plant is homozygous or heterozygous?(1 point) Responses Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If half offspring are dwarf, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If half offspring are dwarf, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are dwarf, unknown plant is heterozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are dwarf, unknown plant is heterozygous Question 18 Genetically modified plants and animals help provide food for a growing population for all the reasons listed EXCEPT. (2 points) Responses natural immunity to pests and disease natural immunity to pests and disease provide increased crop yields provide increased crop yields allergic reactions in consumer allergic reactions in consumer Question 19 Most scientists argue that a virus is NOT considered a living thing. Which are reasons scientists think this? (select all that apply)(2 points) Responses viruses do not make or use their own energy viruses do not make or use their own energy viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells viruses contain unique genetic information (DNA or RNA) viruses contain unique genetic information (DNA or RNA) Skip to navigation page 1 of 1

asked by lo

3 months ago

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Here are the answers to the questions:

Substitution - The mutation described is a substitution mutation where one base is replaced by another.

DNA unwinds between the base pairs - This is the first step of protein synthesis, as the DNA unwinding allows for the transcription process to begin.

True - The human body uses 22 amino acids to form all types of proteins.

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation - This describes the mechanism behind cystic fibrosis clearly.

Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly - The CRISPR technique offers precision in genetic modifications.

Fur with black hairs - The phenotype of a rabbit with the genotype Bb (where black is dominant) will have black fur.

25% - The probability of getting a homozygous short (tt) offspring when crossing two heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plants is 25%.

It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed - The effect of substitution mutations can vary depending on the resultant amino acid.

Yellow - In many dog breeds, the genotype aabb typically results in yellow fur.

True - Punnett squares are indeed used to predict all possible allele combinations.

Viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell - New viruses are made through the replication of their genetic material within a host cell.

Viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA - This describes a provirus accurately, as it integrates into the host genome.

It is a viral genome that mutates very quickly - The common cold virus mutates rapidly, making vaccine development difficult.

It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA - This process is characteristic of retroviruses like HIV.

A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes - This explains why hemophilia is more common in males, who only need one recessive X.

If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene - This accurately describes the regulation of the lac operon.

Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous - This is the correct strategy to test for homozygosity.

Allergic reactions in consumer - This option does not represent a benefit of GMOs and actually presents a concern.

1. Viruses do not make or use their own energy
2. Viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells - These reasons help clarify why many scientists do not consider viruses to be living organisms.

(Note: For question 19, you must select both applicable responses.)

answered by GPT-4o mini

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Ask a New Question or answer this question.

Question

1 of 11 of 1 Items Question 1 When a DNA sequence is being replicated, a cytosine base is replaced by a thymine base. This results in one wrong amino acid being attached to a protein during translation. What type of mutation is described?(2 points) Responses substitution substitution inversion inversion deletion deletion Question 2 Which statement describes the first step of protein synthesis?(2 points) Responses tRNA attaches amino acids to the mRNA strand tRNA attaches amino acids to the mRNA strand DNA unwinds between the base pairs DNA unwinds between the base pairs a ribosome attaches to the mRNA a ribosome attaches to the mRNA Question 3 The human body uses 22 amino acids to form all types of proteins(1 point) Responses True True False False Question 4 Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that is caused when three bases are accidentally removed form the CFTR gene. Which of the following is true about cystic fibrosis?(2 points) Responses Cystic fibrosis is a silent disorder, it has no symptoms Cystic fibrosis is a silent disorder, it has no symptoms It is not known why cystic fibrosis happens in people It is not known why cystic fibrosis happens in people Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation Question 5 What benefit does using the CRISPR technique have in creating GMOs?(2 points) Responses Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly It eliminates all risk of mutation It eliminates all risk of mutation diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding Question 6 In a certain rabbit population, gene B codes for black fur and gene b for brown fur. This gene follows the Mendelian inheritance pattern, the trait is only determined by one gene. What is the phenotype of a rabbit that has the genotype Bb?(2 points) Responses fur with yellow hairs fur with yellow hairs fur with black hairs fur with black hairs fur with brown hairs fur with brown hairs Question 7 A tall heterozygous pea plant (Tt) is crossed with another tall heterozygous pea plant (Tt). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability that the offspring is a short, homozygous pea plant (tt). (2 points) Responses 0% 0% 25% 25% 75% 75% Question 8 Is a substitution mutation harmful to an organism?(2 points) Responses No, substitution mutations are never harmful because they are silent No, substitution mutations are never harmful because they are silent Yes, all mutations are harmful to organisms Yes, all mutations are harmful to organisms It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed Question 9 Epistasis is observed when the allele of one gene masks the effects of another gene. Use the Punnett square to answer the question. What color would a dog's fur be if its genes are aabb? (2 points) Responses yellow yellow white white black black Question 10 Punnett squares are used to predict all possible allele combinations and their frequencies in parents. (1 point) Responses True True False False Question 11 How are new viruses made?(2 points) Responses viral DNA or RNA copied in a virus viral DNA or RNA copied in a virus viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell asexual reproduction asexual reproduction Question 12 Which best describes a provirus?(2 points) Responses bacterial DNA incorporated into viral DNA bacterial DNA incorporated into viral DNA newly replicated viral DNA after injection newly replicated viral DNA after injection viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA Question 13 Why is it difficult to produce a vaccine for the common cold in humans?(2 points) Responses it is a viral genome that mutates very quickly it is a viral genome that mutates very quickly it attacks white blood cells that fight off foreign bodies it attacks white blood cells that fight off foreign bodies it is caused by retroviruses that insert viral RNA into the host cell's DNA it is caused by retroviruses that insert viral RNA into the host cell's DNA Question 14 How is the HIV virus different from most viruses such as the common cold or influenza?(2 points) Responses It attacks and destroys red blood cells in the bodies of its host organisms It attacks and destroys red blood cells in the bodies of its host organisms It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA It has viral DNA that is transmitted through indirect contact with infected persons It has viral DNA that is transmitted through indirect contact with infected persons Question 15 Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder that primarily affects males. Why are more males affected than females?(2 points) Responses hemophilia is a dominant disorder that affects the Y chromosome hemophilia is a dominant disorder that affects the Y chromosome Males receive an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father Males receive an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes. A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes. Question 16 The lactose (lac) operon in E. coli is a gene that helps break down lactose in the cell. If there is no lactose present, the operon is repressed. The best explanation for how the lac operon is used and repressed in cells is which of the following?(1 point) Responses If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If lactose is present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If lactose is present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene If no lactose present, allolactose prevents repressor from attaching to operator of the lac operon If no lactose present, allolactose prevents repressor from attaching to operator of the lac operon Question 17 Homozygous tall (TT) pea plants look the same as heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plants. Which pollination experiment could be used to identify whether a tall pea plant is homozygous or heterozygous?(1 point) Responses Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If half offspring are dwarf, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If half offspring are dwarf, the unknown plant is homozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are dwarf, unknown plant is heterozygous Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are dwarf, unknown plant is heterozygous Question 18 Genetically modified plants and animals help provide food for a growing population for all the reasons listed EXCEPT. (2 points) Responses natural immunity to pests and disease natural immunity to pests and disease provide increased crop yields provide increased crop yields allergic reactions in consumer allergic reactions in consumer Question 19 Most scientists argue that a virus is NOT considered a living thing. Which are reasons scientists think this? (select all that apply)(2 points) Responses viruses do not make or use their own energy viruses do not make or use their own energy viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells viruses contain unique genetic information (DNA or RNA) viruses contain unique genetic information (DNA or RNA) Skip to navigation page 1 of 1

1 answer

Here are the answers to the questions:

Substitution - The mutation described is a substitution mutation where one base is replaced by another.
DNA unwinds between the base pairs - This is the first step of protein synthesis, as the DNA unwinding allows for the transcription process to begin.
True - The human body uses 22 amino acids to form all types of proteins.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation - This describes the mechanism behind cystic fibrosis clearly.
Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly - The CRISPR technique offers precision in genetic modifications.
Fur with black hairs - The phenotype of a rabbit with the genotype Bb (where black is dominant) will have black fur.
25% - The probability of getting a homozygous short (tt) offspring when crossing two heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plants is 25%.
It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed - The effect of substitution mutations can vary depending on the resultant amino acid.
Yellow - In many dog breeds, the genotype aabb typically results in yellow fur.
True - Punnett squares are indeed used to predict all possible allele combinations.
Viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell - New viruses are made through the replication of their genetic material within a host cell.
Viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA - This describes a provirus accurately, as it integrates into the host genome.
It is a viral genome that mutates very quickly - The common cold virus mutates rapidly, making vaccine development difficult.
It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA - This process is characteristic of retroviruses like HIV.
A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes - This explains why hemophilia is more common in males, who only need one recessive X.
If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene - This accurately describes the regulation of the lac operon.
Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous - This is the correct strategy to test for homozygosity.
Allergic reactions in consumer - This option does not represent a benefit of GMOs and actually presents a concern.
1. Viruses do not make or use their own energy
2. Viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells - These reasons help clarify why many scientists do not consider viruses to be living organisms.

(Note: For question 19, you must select both applicable responses.)

Ask a New Question or answer this question.

GPT-4o mini · Answer

Here are the answers to the questions: 1. **Substitution** - The mutation described is a substitution mutation where one base is replaced by another. 2. **DNA unwinds between the base pairs** - This is the first step of protein synthesis, as the DNA unwinding allows for the transcription process to begin. 3. **True** - The human body uses 22 amino acids to form all types of proteins. 4. **Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion mutation** - This describes the mechanism behind cystic fibrosis clearly. 5. **Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly** - The CRISPR technique offers precision in genetic modifications. 6. **Fur with black hairs** - The phenotype of a rabbit with the genotype Bb (where black is dominant) will have black fur. 7. **25%** - The probability of getting a homozygous short (tt) offspring when crossing two heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plants is 25%. 8. **It depends on whether the resulting amino acid of the codon has changed** - The effect of substitution mutations can vary depending on the resultant amino acid. 9. **Yellow** - In many dog breeds, the genotype aabb typically results in yellow fur. 10. **True** - Punnett squares are indeed used to predict all possible allele combinations. 11. **Viral DNA or RNA copied in a host cell** - New viruses are made through the replication of their genetic material within a host cell. 12. **Viral DNA incorporated into the host cell's DNA** - This describes a provirus accurately, as it integrates into the host genome. 13. **It is a viral genome that mutates very quickly** - The common cold virus mutates rapidly, making vaccine development difficult. 14. **It copies the information for reproduction from RNA into DNA** - This process is characteristic of retroviruses like HIV. 15. **A female to have hemophilia would have to inherit two recessive X chromosomes** - This explains why hemophilia is more common in males, who only need one recessive X. 16. **If no lactose present, a repressor binds to operator on lac operon preventing transcription of gene** - This accurately describes the regulation of the lac operon. 17. **Cross it with a homozygous dwarf plant. If all offspring are tall, the unknown plant is homozygous** - This is the correct strategy to test for homozygosity. 18. **Allergic reactions in consumer** - This option does not represent a benefit of GMOs and actually presents a concern. 19. **1. Viruses do not make or use their own energy** **2. Viruses do not grow and are not made out of cells** - These reasons help clarify why many scientists do not consider viruses to be living organisms. (Note: For question 19, you must select both applicable responses.)