1. One example of household substances that produce a chemical reaction when combined is the reaction between vinegar (acetic acid) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). The reaction can be represented by the following equation:
CH3COOH (acetic acid) + NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) → CH3COONa (sodium acetate) + H2O (water) + CO2 (carbon dioxide gas)
2. Experiment:
a) Gather the following materials: vinegar, baking soda, a clear plastic cup or container, a tablespoon, a balloon, and a scale.
b) Start by measuring 1 tablespoon of baking soda using the scale and place it into the plastic cup.
c) Pour enough vinegar into the cup to cover the baking soda.
d) Quickly place the balloon over the opening of the cup without letting the vinegar and baking soda mixture spill out.
e) Observe the reaction and record your observations.
f) After the reaction has finished (the balloon has inflated or until no more gas is produced), carefully remove the balloon from the cup.
g) Measure the mass of the inflated balloon using the scale.
h) Empty the contents of the cup and rinse it thoroughly.
3. New substances formed:
When vinegar (acetic acid) reacts with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), several new substances are formed: sodium acetate (CH3COONa), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide gas (CO2).
To show that mass was conserved in this reaction, the mass of the reactants (vinegar and baking soda) should be equal to the mass of the products (sodium acetate, water, and carbon dioxide). By measuring the mass of the inflated balloon after the reaction, you can compare it to the initial mass of the vinegar and baking soda mixture.
If the mass of the inflated balloon is equal to or very close to the initial mass of the vinegar and baking soda, it demonstrates that mass was conserved during the reaction.
1. Identify a few household substances (i.e., soap, water, salt, milk, etc.) that produce a chemical reaction when combined. Create a model of the reaction
2. Describe an experiment with these substances. Include how to record data that provides evidence of a chemical reaction.
3. Use the models to describe the new substances formed. Show that mass was conserved.
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