1. He got in the car.

(What is the part of speech of 'in'?)

2. Get in!
(What is the part of speech of 'in' here?)

2 answers

1. "in" is a preposition.

2. "in" is an adverb.

Prepositions always begin prepositional phrases which end with a noun or pronoun.
1. "in" is a preposition here

2. "get in" is considered a phrasal verb:
http://www.eslcafe.com/pv/pv-g.html
(scroll down a bit)